New Mexico v. Schwartz

Issue: (1) Whether live, two-way video testimony – which is given under oath, allows the jury to assess the witness’s demeanor, and provides the accused a fair opportunity to confront and cross-examine – satisfies the constitutional requirement of face-to-face confrontation or qualifies as a permissible substitute for in-person testimony upon a showing of unavailability or other necessity-based standard; and (2) whether any impermissible use of two-way video testimony is subject to the harmless error standard of Delaware v. Van Arsdall, which evaluates a missing element of confrontation in the context of the witness's testimony and the trial as a whole, or instead is subject to the standard of Coy v. Iowa, which disregards the offending testimony in its entirety and considers only the remaining evidence.